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Objective To investigate the effect of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) combined with cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) selective inhibitor NS-398 on the apoptosis of cholangiocarcinoma QBC939 cells and the mechanism.Methods In vitro,cholangiocarcinoma QBC939 cells were treated with 0,15,30,45,60 and 75 μg/ml DHA with 0,25,50,100,150 and 200 μmol/L NS-398,respectively.The absorbances of the QBC939 cells were measured by CCK8 and its growth inhibition ratios were analyzed.Flow cytometry was applied to detect cell apoptosis.The level of β-catenin and COX-2 mRNA and protein were measured by real-time PCR,immunocytochemistry and enzyme-linked immunoadsordent assay,respectively.Results DHA combined with NS-398 could significantly suppress the growth of QBC939 cells (P ＜ 0.05).When the concentration of DHA went up to 45 μg/ml and NS-398 was 100 μmol/L,the relative growth inhibition rate of QBC939 cells was 90.0％.If the concentrations were increased,the result showed no significant differences.Furthermore,flow cytometry analysis indicated that DHA combined with NS-398 could induce QBC939 cells apoptosis at the early stage,and the apoptosis rate was significantly different between the experimental and control groups (P ＜ 0.01).Real-time PCR showed low β-catenin and COX-2 expression in QBC939 cells disposed by DHA combined with NS-398,and their expression were significantly different between the experimental and control groups (P ＜ 0.01).Immunocytochemistry and ELISA demonstrated that DHA combined with NS-398 could decrease β-catenin and COX-2 protein expression in QBC939 cells.Conclusion DHA combined with NS-398 induced apoptosis and inhibited proliferation of cholangiocarcinoma cells QBC939 in vitro through targeting β-catenin and COX-2.
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Objective To analyze the predictive value of combination of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)and 64-slice dual-source computed tomography(DSCT)in regional clinical staging and peritoneal metastases of gastric cancer.Methods From July 2011 to May 2017,365 patients with gastric cancer diagnosed by endoscopic biopsy were enrolled.The patients received EUS and DSCT examination with the gold standard of postoperative pathological diagnosis,the accuracies of EUS alone,DSCT alone and the combination of EUS and DSCT were evaluated in original gastric tumor,regional lymph nodes and peritoneal metastases.The accuracy,sensitivity,specificity,the positive predictive value,the negative predictive value,consistency(the value of K ap pa)and area under curve(AUC)of receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve were calculated.Results A total of 263 patients were enrolled into the study on the depth of tumor invasion and clinical staging of regional lymph nodes and 289 patients were recruited into the clinical prediction study on peritoneal metastasis.The accuracy of EUS in clinical staging of the depth of tumor invasion was 75.29% and the sensitivity,specificity,the value of Kappaand AUC of EUS in clinical staging of regional lymph nodes were 86.26%,81.81%,0.681 and 0.840,respectively.The sensitivity,specificity,the value of Kappaand AUC of DSCT in clinical staging of regional lymph nodes were 74.81%,87.12%,0.620 and 0.813,respectively.The sensitivity,specificity,the value of Kappa and AUC of EUS in the prediction of peritoneal metastases were 38.24%,97.25%,0.432 and 0.668, respectively.The sensitivity,specificity,the value of Kappa and AUC of DSCT in the prediction of peritoneal metastases were 41.18%,100.00%,0.553 and 0.706,respectively.The accuracy and the value of Kappaof the combination of EUS and DSCT in clinical staging of the depth of tumor invasion were 75.29% and 0.639;the sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value, Kappa,AUC in clinical staging of regional lymph nodes were 93.13%,87.88%,88.41%,92.80%, 0.810 and 0.905,respectively;and the sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value,Kappa,AUC in the prediction of peritoneal metastases were 58.82%,97.25%, 74.07%,94.66%,0.616 and 0.774,respectively.Conclusions The combination of EUS and DSCT which is superior to single examination is very helpful in the depth of gastric cancer invasion and regional lymph nodes,and is helpful in the prediction of peritoneal metastasis. The combination of two complementary examinations can improve the accuracy of the depth of gastric cancer invasion,clinical staging of regional lymph nodes,and the prediction of peritoneal metastasis.
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Objective To investigate the effect of NS-398 combined with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on apoptosis of cholangiocarcinoma QBC939 cells and its mechanism.Methods In vitro,cultured cholangiocarcinoma QBC939 cells were exposed to 0,25,50,100,150 and 200 μmol/L NS-398 with 0,15,30,45,60 and 75 μg/ml DHA respectively.The absorbance of the QBC939 cells were measured by CCK8 and its growth inhibition ratio were calculated.Flow cytometry was applied to detect cell apoptosis.The level of β-catenin and c-myc mRNA and protein were measured by real-time PCR,Western blot and enzyme-linked immunoabsordent assay respectively.Results Exposure to NS-398 combined with DHA suppressed the growth of QBC939 cells.When NS-398 was at 100 μmol/L and DHA at 45 pμg/ml,the relative growth inhibition rate of QBC939 cells was 90％ (F =5.85,P ＜ 0.05).NS-398 combined with DHA promoted QBC939 cells apoptosis at the early stage (F =8.16,P ＜ 0.01).Real-time PCR could detect low β-catenin and c-myc expression in QBC939 cells disposed by NS-398 combined with DHA (F =7.61,P ＜0.01),(F =7.92,P ＜0.01).NS-398 combined with DHA decreased β-catenin (F =7.75,P ＜ 0.01),(F=8.17,P＜0.01) and c-myc (F=8.76,P＜0.01),(F=8.12,P＜0.01) protein expression in QBC939 cells.Conclusion NS-398 combined with DHA promoted apoptosis and inhibit proliferation of cholangiocarcinoma cells QBC939 in vitro possibly through downregulated mRNA and protein expression of β-catenin and c-myc.
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Objective To analyze the influence of total thyroidectomy (TT) on quality of life of patients with nodular goiter with iodine deficiency.Methods 70 patients who received TT in the hospital from June 2014 to July 2015 were randomly divided into two groups, 35 cases in each.Control group received subtotal thyroidectomy and observation group received total thyroidectomy.The situation of operation, thyroid function, therapeutic effects and quality of life in two groups were compared.Results Operation time and hospital stays of observation group were significantly longer than that of control group (P<0.05);There was no significant difference in intraoperative bleeding volume and curative effective rate between the two groups;Before surgery, there was no significant difference in thyroid function between the two groups;After surgery, thyroid function of both two groups decreased compared with pre-operation, but there was no significant difference;There was significant difference in VAS and health description system scores between the two groups.Conclusion TT in treatment of patients with nodular goiter with iodine deficiency has significant clinical efficacy with high cure rate and less complication, and it can improve quality of life of patients, which is beneficial to postoperative recovery and worthy of generalization in clinical application.